///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   // checkstyle: Checks Java source code and other text files for adherence to a set of rules.
   // Copyright (C) 2001-2025 the original author or authors.
   //
   // This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   // modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   // License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   // version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   //
  // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  // Lesser General Public License for more details.
  //
  // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  // License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
  // Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  
  package com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.coding;
  
  import java.util.ArrayDeque;
  import java.util.Collections;
  import java.util.Deque;
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.HashSet;
  import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.Optional;
  import java.util.Set;
  
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.FileStatefulCheck;
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.AbstractCheck;
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.DetailAST;
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.TokenTypes;
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.naming.AccessModifierOption;
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.utils.CheckUtil;
  import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.utils.TokenUtil;
  
  /**
   * <div>
   * Checks that a local variable is declared and/or assigned, but not used.
   * Doesn't support
   * <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-14.html#jls-14.30">
   * pattern variables yet</a>.
   * Doesn't check
   * <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/jls-4.html#jls-4.12.3">
   * array components</a> as array
   * components are classified as different kind of variables by
   * <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se17/html/index.html">JLS</a>.
   * </div>
   *
   * @since 9.3
   */
  @FileStatefulCheck
  public class UnusedLocalVariableCheck extends AbstractCheck {
  
      /**
       * A key is pointing to the warning message text in "messages.properties"
       * file.
       */
      public static final String MSG_UNUSED_LOCAL_VARIABLE = "unused.local.var";
  
      /**
       * A key is pointing to the warning message text in "messages.properties"
       * file.
       */
      public static final String MSG_UNUSED_NAMED_LOCAL_VARIABLE = "unused.named.local.var";
  
      /**
       * An array of increment and decrement tokens.
       */
      private static final int[] INCREMENT_AND_DECREMENT_TOKENS = {
          TokenTypes.POST_INC,
          TokenTypes.POST_DEC,
          TokenTypes.INC,
          TokenTypes.DEC,
      };
  
      /**
       * An array of scope tokens.
       */
      private static final int[] SCOPES = {
          TokenTypes.SLIST,
          TokenTypes.LITERAL_FOR,
          TokenTypes.OBJBLOCK,
      };
  
      /**
       * An array of unacceptable children of ast of type {@link TokenTypes#DOT}.
       */
      private static final int[] UNACCEPTABLE_CHILD_OF_DOT = {
          TokenTypes.DOT,
          TokenTypes.METHOD_CALL,
          TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW,
          TokenTypes.LITERAL_SUPER,
          TokenTypes.LITERAL_CLASS,
          TokenTypes.LITERAL_THIS,
     };
 
     /**
      * An array of unacceptable parent of ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT}.
      */
     private static final int[] UNACCEPTABLE_PARENT_OF_IDENT = {
         TokenTypes.VARIABLE_DEF,
         TokenTypes.DOT,
         TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW,
         TokenTypes.PATTERN_VARIABLE_DEF,
         TokenTypes.METHOD_CALL,
         TokenTypes.TYPE,
     };
 
     /**
      * An array of blocks in which local anon inner classes can exist.
      */
     private static final int[] ANONYMOUS_CLASS_PARENT_TOKENS = {
         TokenTypes.METHOD_DEF,
         TokenTypes.CTOR_DEF,
         TokenTypes.STATIC_INIT,
         TokenTypes.INSTANCE_INIT,
         TokenTypes.COMPACT_CTOR_DEF,
     };
 
     /**
      * An array of token types that indicate a variable is being used within
      * an expression involving increment or decrement operators, or within a switch statement.
      * When a token of one of these types is the parent of an expression, it indicates that the
      * variable associated with the increment or decrement operation is being used.
      * Ex:- TokenTypes.LITERAL_SWITCH: Indicates a switch statement. Variables used within the
      * switch expression are considered to be used
      */
     private static final int[] INCREMENT_DECREMENT_VARIABLE_USAGE_TYPES = {
         TokenTypes.ELIST,
         TokenTypes.INDEX_OP,
         TokenTypes.ASSIGN,
         TokenTypes.LITERAL_SWITCH,
     };
 
     /** Package separator. */
     private static final String PACKAGE_SEPARATOR = ".";
 
     /**
      * Keeps tracks of the variables declared in file.
      */
     private final Deque<VariableDesc> variables = new ArrayDeque<>();
 
     /**
      * Keeps track of all the type declarations present in the file.
      * Pops the type out of the stack while leaving the type
      * in visitor pattern.
      */
     private final Deque<TypeDeclDesc> typeDeclarations = new ArrayDeque<>();
 
     /**
      * Maps type declaration ast to their respective TypeDeclDesc objects.
      */
     private final Map<DetailAST, TypeDeclDesc> typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 
     /**
      * Maps local anonymous inner class to the TypeDeclDesc object
      * containing it.
      */
     private final Map<DetailAST, TypeDeclDesc> anonInnerAstToTypeDeclDesc = new HashMap<>();
 
     /**
      * Set of tokens of type {@link UnusedLocalVariableCheck#ANONYMOUS_CLASS_PARENT_TOKENS}
      * and {@link TokenTypes#LAMBDA} in some cases.
      */
     private final Set<DetailAST> anonInnerClassHolders = new HashSet<>();
 
     /**
      * Allow variables named with a single underscore
      * (known as  <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/21/docs/specs/unnamed-jls.html">
      *  unnamed variables</a> in Java 21+).
      */
     private boolean allowUnnamedVariables = true;
 
     /**
      * Name of the package.
      */
     private String packageName;
 
     /**
      * Depth at which a type declaration is nested, 0 for top level type declarations.
      */
     private int depth;
 
     /**
      * Setter to allow variables named with a single underscore
      * (known as <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/21/docs/specs/unnamed-jls.html">
      * unnamed variables</a> in Java 21+).
      *
      * @param allowUnnamedVariables true or false.
      * @since 10.18.0
      */
     public void setAllowUnnamedVariables(boolean allowUnnamedVariables) {
         this.allowUnnamedVariables = allowUnnamedVariables;
     }
 
     @Override
     public int[] getDefaultTokens() {
         return new int[] {
             TokenTypes.DOT,
             TokenTypes.VARIABLE_DEF,
             TokenTypes.IDENT,
             TokenTypes.SLIST,
             TokenTypes.LITERAL_FOR,
             TokenTypes.OBJBLOCK,
             TokenTypes.CLASS_DEF,
             TokenTypes.INTERFACE_DEF,
             TokenTypes.ANNOTATION_DEF,
             TokenTypes.PACKAGE_DEF,
             TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW,
             TokenTypes.METHOD_DEF,
             TokenTypes.CTOR_DEF,
             TokenTypes.STATIC_INIT,
             TokenTypes.INSTANCE_INIT,
             TokenTypes.COMPILATION_UNIT,
             TokenTypes.LAMBDA,
             TokenTypes.ENUM_DEF,
             TokenTypes.RECORD_DEF,
             TokenTypes.COMPACT_CTOR_DEF,
         };
     }
 
     @Override
     public int[] getAcceptableTokens() {
         return getDefaultTokens();
     }
 
     @Override
     public int[] getRequiredTokens() {
         return getDefaultTokens();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void beginTree(DetailAST root) {
         variables.clear();
         typeDeclarations.clear();
         typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc.clear();
         anonInnerAstToTypeDeclDesc.clear();
         anonInnerClassHolders.clear();
         packageName = null;
         depth = 0;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void visitToken(DetailAST ast) {
         final int type = ast.getType();
         if (type == TokenTypes.DOT) {
             visitDotToken(ast, variables);
         }
         else if (type == TokenTypes.VARIABLE_DEF && !skipUnnamedVariables(ast)) {
             visitVariableDefToken(ast);
         }
         else if (type == TokenTypes.IDENT) {
             visitIdentToken(ast, variables);
         }
         else if (isInsideLocalAnonInnerClass(ast)) {
             visitLocalAnonInnerClass(ast);
         }
         else if (isNonLocalTypeDeclaration(ast)) {
             visitNonLocalTypeDeclarationToken(ast);
         }
         else if (type == TokenTypes.PACKAGE_DEF) {
             packageName = CheckUtil.extractQualifiedName(ast.getFirstChild().getNextSibling());
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void leaveToken(DetailAST ast) {
         if (TokenUtil.isOfType(ast, SCOPES)) {
             logViolations(ast, variables);
         }
         else if (ast.getType() == TokenTypes.COMPILATION_UNIT) {
             leaveCompilationUnit();
         }
         else if (isNonLocalTypeDeclaration(ast)) {
             depth--;
             typeDeclarations.pop();
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Visit ast of type {@link TokenTypes#DOT}.
      *
      * @param dotAst dotAst
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private static void visitDotToken(DetailAST dotAst, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         if (dotAst.getParent().getType() != TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW
                 && shouldCheckIdentTokenNestedUnderDot(dotAst)) {
             final DetailAST identifier = dotAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT);
             if (identifier != null) {
                 checkIdentifierAst(identifier, variablesStack);
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Visit ast of type {@link TokenTypes#VARIABLE_DEF}.
      *
      * @param varDefAst varDefAst
      */
     private void visitVariableDefToken(DetailAST varDefAst) {
         addLocalVariables(varDefAst, variables);
         addInstanceOrClassVar(varDefAst);
     }
 
     /**
      * Visit ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT}.
      *
      * @param identAst identAst
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private static void visitIdentToken(DetailAST identAst, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         final DetailAST parent = identAst.getParent();
         final boolean isMethodReferenceMethodName = parent.getType() == TokenTypes.METHOD_REF
                 && parent.getFirstChild() != identAst;
         final boolean isConstructorReference = parent.getType() == TokenTypes.METHOD_REF
                 && parent.getLastChild().getType() == TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW;
         final boolean isNestedClassInitialization =
                 TokenUtil.isOfType(identAst.getNextSibling(), TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW)
                 && parent.getType() == TokenTypes.DOT;
 
         if (isNestedClassInitialization || !isMethodReferenceMethodName
                 && !isConstructorReference
                 && !TokenUtil.isOfType(parent, UNACCEPTABLE_PARENT_OF_IDENT)) {
             checkIdentifierAst(identAst, variablesStack);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Visit the non-local type declaration token.
      *
      * @param typeDeclAst type declaration ast
      */
     private void visitNonLocalTypeDeclarationToken(DetailAST typeDeclAst) {
         final String qualifiedName = getQualifiedTypeDeclarationName(typeDeclAst);
         final TypeDeclDesc currTypeDecl = new TypeDeclDesc(qualifiedName, depth, typeDeclAst);
         depth++;
         typeDeclarations.push(currTypeDecl);
         typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc.put(typeDeclAst, currTypeDecl);
     }
 
     /**
      * Visit the local anon inner class.
      *
      * @param literalNewAst literalNewAst
      */
     private void visitLocalAnonInnerClass(DetailAST literalNewAst) {
         anonInnerAstToTypeDeclDesc.put(literalNewAst, typeDeclarations.peek());
         anonInnerClassHolders.add(getBlockContainingLocalAnonInnerClass(literalNewAst));
     }
 
     /**
      * Check for skip current {@link TokenTypes#VARIABLE_DEF}
      * due to <b>allowUnnamedVariable</b> option.
      *
      * @param varDefAst varDefAst variable to check
      * @return true if the current variable should be skipped.
      */
     private boolean skipUnnamedVariables(DetailAST varDefAst) {
         final DetailAST ident = varDefAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT);
         return allowUnnamedVariables && "_".equals(ident.getText());
     }
 
     /**
      * Whether ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_NEW} is a part of a local
      * anonymous inner class.
      *
      * @param literalNewAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_NEW}
      * @return true if variableDefAst is an instance variable in local anonymous inner class
      */
     private static boolean isInsideLocalAnonInnerClass(DetailAST literalNewAst) {
         boolean result = false;
         final DetailAST lastChild = literalNewAst.getLastChild();
         if (lastChild != null && lastChild.getType() == TokenTypes.OBJBLOCK) {
             DetailAST currentAst = literalNewAst;
             while (!TokenUtil.isTypeDeclaration(currentAst.getType())) {
                 if (currentAst.getType() == TokenTypes.SLIST) {
                     result = true;
                     break;
                 }
                 currentAst = currentAst.getParent();
             }
         }
         return result;
     }
 
     /**
      * Traverse {@code variablesStack} stack and log the violations.
      *
      * @param scopeAst ast node of type {@link UnusedLocalVariableCheck#SCOPES}
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private void logViolations(DetailAST scopeAst, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         while (!variablesStack.isEmpty() && variablesStack.peek().getScope() == scopeAst) {
             final VariableDesc variableDesc = variablesStack.pop();
             if (!variableDesc.isUsed()
                     && !variableDesc.isInstVarOrClassVar()) {
                 final DetailAST typeAst = variableDesc.getTypeAst();
                 if (allowUnnamedVariables) {
                     log(typeAst, MSG_UNUSED_NAMED_LOCAL_VARIABLE, variableDesc.getName());
                 }
                 else {
                     log(typeAst, MSG_UNUSED_LOCAL_VARIABLE, variableDesc.getName());
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * We process all the blocks containing local anonymous inner classes
      * separately after processing all the other nodes. This is being done
      * due to the fact the instance variables of local anon inner classes can
      * cast a shadow on local variables.
      */
     private void leaveCompilationUnit() {
         anonInnerClassHolders.forEach(holder -> {
             iterateOverBlockContainingLocalAnonInnerClass(holder, new ArrayDeque<>());
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Whether a type declaration is non-local. Annotated interfaces are always non-local.
      *
      * @param typeDeclAst type declaration ast
      * @return true if type declaration is non-local
      */
     private static boolean isNonLocalTypeDeclaration(DetailAST typeDeclAst) {
         return TokenUtil.isTypeDeclaration(typeDeclAst.getType())
                 && typeDeclAst.getParent().getType() != TokenTypes.SLIST;
     }
 
     /**
      * Get the block containing local anon inner class.
      *
      * @param literalNewAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_NEW}
      * @return the block containing local anon inner class
      */
     private static DetailAST getBlockContainingLocalAnonInnerClass(DetailAST literalNewAst) {
         DetailAST currentAst = literalNewAst;
         DetailAST result = null;
         DetailAST topMostLambdaAst = null;
         while (currentAst != null && !TokenUtil.isOfType(currentAst,
                 ANONYMOUS_CLASS_PARENT_TOKENS)) {
             if (currentAst.getType() == TokenTypes.LAMBDA) {
                 topMostLambdaAst = currentAst;
             }
             currentAst = currentAst.getParent();
             result = currentAst;
         }
 
         if (currentAst == null) {
             result = topMostLambdaAst;
         }
         return result;
     }
 
     /**
      * Add local variables to the {@code variablesStack} stack.
      * Also adds the instance variables defined in a local anonymous inner class.
      *
      * @param varDefAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#VARIABLE_DEF}
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private static void addLocalVariables(DetailAST varDefAst, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         final DetailAST parentAst = varDefAst.getParent();
         final DetailAST grandParent = parentAst.getParent();
         final boolean isInstanceVarInInnerClass =
                 grandParent.getType() == TokenTypes.LITERAL_NEW
                 || grandParent.getType() == TokenTypes.CLASS_DEF;
         if (isInstanceVarInInnerClass
                 || parentAst.getType() != TokenTypes.OBJBLOCK) {
             final DetailAST ident = varDefAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT);
             final VariableDesc desc = new VariableDesc(ident.getText(),
                     varDefAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.TYPE), findScopeOfVariable(varDefAst));
             if (isInstanceVarInInnerClass) {
                 desc.registerAsInstOrClassVar();
             }
             variablesStack.push(desc);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Add instance variables and class variables to the
      * {@link TypeDeclDesc#instanceAndClassVarStack}.
      *
      * @param varDefAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#VARIABLE_DEF}
      */
     private void addInstanceOrClassVar(DetailAST varDefAst) {
         final DetailAST parentAst = varDefAst.getParent();
         if (isNonLocalTypeDeclaration(parentAst.getParent())
                 && !isPrivateInstanceVariable(varDefAst)) {
             final DetailAST ident = varDefAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT);
             final VariableDesc desc = new VariableDesc(ident.getText());
             typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc.get(parentAst.getParent()).addInstOrClassVar(desc);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Whether instance variable or class variable have private access modifier.
      *
      * @param varDefAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#VARIABLE_DEF}
      * @return true if instance variable or class variable have private access modifier
      */
     private static boolean isPrivateInstanceVariable(DetailAST varDefAst) {
         final AccessModifierOption varAccessModifier =
                 CheckUtil.getAccessModifierFromModifiersToken(varDefAst);
         return varAccessModifier == AccessModifierOption.PRIVATE;
     }
 
     /**
      * Get the {@link TypeDeclDesc} of the super class of anonymous inner class.
      *
      * @param literalNewAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_NEW}
      * @return {@link TypeDeclDesc} of the super class of anonymous inner class
      */
     private TypeDeclDesc getSuperClassOfAnonInnerClass(DetailAST literalNewAst) {
         TypeDeclDesc obtainedClass = null;
         final String shortNameOfClass = CheckUtil.getShortNameOfAnonInnerClass(literalNewAst);
         if (packageName != null && shortNameOfClass.startsWith(packageName)) {
             final Optional<TypeDeclDesc> classWithCompletePackageName =
                     typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc.values()
                     .stream()
                     .filter(typeDeclDesc -> {
                         return typeDeclDesc.getQualifiedName().equals(shortNameOfClass);
                     })
                     .findFirst();
             if (classWithCompletePackageName.isPresent()) {
                 obtainedClass = classWithCompletePackageName.orElseThrow();
             }
         }
         else {
             final List<TypeDeclDesc> typeDeclWithSameName = typeDeclWithSameName(shortNameOfClass);
             if (!typeDeclWithSameName.isEmpty()) {
                 obtainedClass = getClosestMatchingTypeDeclaration(
                         anonInnerAstToTypeDeclDesc.get(literalNewAst).getQualifiedName(),
                         typeDeclWithSameName);
             }
         }
         return obtainedClass;
     }
 
     /**
      * Add non-private instance and class variables of the super class of the anonymous class
      * to the variables stack.
      *
      * @param obtainedClass super class of the anon inner class
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      * @param literalNewAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_NEW}
      */
     private void modifyVariablesStack(TypeDeclDesc obtainedClass,
             Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack,
             DetailAST literalNewAst) {
         if (obtainedClass != null) {
             final Deque<VariableDesc> instAndClassVarDeque = typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc
                     .get(obtainedClass.getTypeDeclAst())
                     .getUpdatedCopyOfVarStack(literalNewAst);
             instAndClassVarDeque.forEach(variablesStack::push);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Checks if there is a type declaration with same name as the super class.
      *
      * @param superClassName name of the super class
      * @return list if there is another type declaration with same name.
      */
     private List<TypeDeclDesc> typeDeclWithSameName(String superClassName) {
         return typeDeclAstToTypeDeclDesc.values().stream()
                 .filter(typeDeclDesc -> {
                     return hasSameNameAsSuperClass(superClassName, typeDeclDesc);
                 })
                 .toList();
     }
 
     /**
      * Whether the qualified name of {@code typeDeclDesc} matches the super class name.
      *
      * @param superClassName name of the super class
      * @param typeDeclDesc type declaration description
      * @return {@code true} if the qualified name of {@code typeDeclDesc}
      *         matches the super class name
      */
     private boolean hasSameNameAsSuperClass(String superClassName, TypeDeclDesc typeDeclDesc) {
         final boolean result;
         if (packageName == null && typeDeclDesc.getDepth() == 0) {
             result = typeDeclDesc.getQualifiedName().equals(superClassName);
         }
         else {
             result = typeDeclDesc.getQualifiedName()
                     .endsWith(PACKAGE_SEPARATOR + superClassName);
         }
         return result;
     }
 
     /**
      * For all type declarations with the same name as the superclass, gets the nearest type
      * declaration.
      *
      * @param outerTypeDeclName outer type declaration of anonymous inner class
      * @param typeDeclWithSameName typeDeclarations which have the same name as the super class
      * @return the nearest class
      */
     private static TypeDeclDesc getClosestMatchingTypeDeclaration(String outerTypeDeclName,
             List<TypeDeclDesc> typeDeclWithSameName) {
         return Collections.min(typeDeclWithSameName, (first, second) -> {
             return calculateTypeDeclarationDistance(outerTypeDeclName, first, second);
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Get the difference between type declaration name matching count. If the
      * difference between them is zero, then their depth is compared to obtain the result.
      *
      * @param outerTypeName outer type declaration of anonymous inner class
      * @param firstType first input type declaration
      * @param secondType second input type declaration
      * @return difference between type declaration name matching count
      */
     private static int calculateTypeDeclarationDistance(String outerTypeName,
                                                         TypeDeclDesc firstType,
                                                         TypeDeclDesc secondType) {
         final int firstMatchCount =
                 countMatchingQualifierChars(outerTypeName, firstType.getQualifiedName());
         final int secondMatchCount =
                 countMatchingQualifierChars(outerTypeName, secondType.getQualifiedName());
         final int matchDistance = Integer.compare(secondMatchCount, firstMatchCount);
 
         final int distance;
         if (matchDistance == 0) {
             distance = Integer.compare(firstType.getDepth(), secondType.getDepth());
         }
         else {
             distance = matchDistance;
         }
 
         return distance;
     }
 
     /**
      * Calculates the type declaration matching count for the superclass of an anonymous inner
      * class.
      *
      * <p>
      * For example, if the pattern class is {@code Main.ClassOne} and the class to be matched is
      * {@code Main.ClassOne.ClassTwo.ClassThree}, then the matching count would be calculated by
      * comparing the characters at each position, and updating the count whenever a '.'
      * is encountered.
      * This is necessary because pattern class can include anonymous inner classes, unlike regular
      * inheritance where nested classes cannot be extended.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param pattern type declaration to match against
      * @param candidate type declaration to be matched
      * @return the type declaration matching count
      */
     private static int countMatchingQualifierChars(String pattern,
                                                    String candidate) {
         final int typeDeclarationToBeMatchedLength = candidate.length();
         final int minLength = Math
                 .min(typeDeclarationToBeMatchedLength, pattern.length());
         final boolean shouldCountBeUpdatedAtLastCharacter =
                 typeDeclarationToBeMatchedLength > minLength
                 && candidate.charAt(minLength) == PACKAGE_SEPARATOR.charAt(0);
 
         int result = 0;
         for (int idx = 0;
              idx < minLength
                 && pattern.charAt(idx) == candidate.charAt(idx);
              idx++) {
 
             if (shouldCountBeUpdatedAtLastCharacter
                     || pattern.charAt(idx) == PACKAGE_SEPARATOR.charAt(0)) {
                 result = idx;
             }
         }
         return result;
     }
 
     /**
      * Get qualified type declaration name from type ast.
      *
      * @param typeDeclAst type declaration ast
      * @return qualified name of type declaration
      */
     private String getQualifiedTypeDeclarationName(DetailAST typeDeclAst) {
         final String className = typeDeclAst.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT).getText();
         String outerClassQualifiedName = null;
         if (!typeDeclarations.isEmpty()) {
             outerClassQualifiedName = typeDeclarations.peek().getQualifiedName();
         }
         return CheckUtil
             .getQualifiedTypeDeclarationName(packageName, outerClassQualifiedName, className);
     }
 
     /**
      * Iterate over all the ast nodes present under {@code ast}.
      *
      * @param ast ast
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private void iterateOverBlockContainingLocalAnonInnerClass(
             DetailAST ast, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         DetailAST currNode = ast;
         while (currNode != null) {
             customVisitToken(currNode, variablesStack);
             DetailAST toVisit = currNode.getFirstChild();
             while (currNode != ast && toVisit == null) {
                 customLeaveToken(currNode, variablesStack);
                 toVisit = currNode.getNextSibling();
                 currNode = currNode.getParent();
             }
             currNode = toVisit;
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Visit all ast nodes under {@link UnusedLocalVariableCheck#anonInnerClassHolders} once
      * again.
      *
      * @param ast ast
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private void customVisitToken(DetailAST ast, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         final int type = ast.getType();
         if (type == TokenTypes.DOT) {
             visitDotToken(ast, variablesStack);
         }
         else if (type == TokenTypes.VARIABLE_DEF) {
             addLocalVariables(ast, variablesStack);
         }
         else if (type == TokenTypes.IDENT) {
             visitIdentToken(ast, variablesStack);
         }
         else if (isInsideLocalAnonInnerClass(ast)) {
             final TypeDeclDesc obtainedClass = getSuperClassOfAnonInnerClass(ast);
             modifyVariablesStack(obtainedClass, variablesStack, ast);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Leave all ast nodes under {@link UnusedLocalVariableCheck#anonInnerClassHolders} once
      * again.
      *
      * @param ast ast
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private void customLeaveToken(DetailAST ast, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         logViolations(ast, variablesStack);
     }
 
     /**
      * Whether to check identifier token nested under dotAst.
      *
      * @param dotAst dotAst
      * @return true if ident nested under dotAst should be checked
      */
     private static boolean shouldCheckIdentTokenNestedUnderDot(DetailAST dotAst) {
 
         return TokenUtil.findFirstTokenByPredicate(dotAst,
                         childAst -> {
                             return TokenUtil.isOfType(childAst,
                                     UNACCEPTABLE_CHILD_OF_DOT);
                         })
                 .isEmpty();
     }
 
     /**
      * Checks the identifier ast.
      *
      * @param identAst ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT}
      * @param variablesStack stack of all the relevant variables in the scope
      */
     private static void checkIdentifierAst(DetailAST identAst, Deque<VariableDesc> variablesStack) {
         for (VariableDesc variableDesc : variablesStack) {
             if (identAst.getText().equals(variableDesc.getName())
                     && !isLeftHandSideValue(identAst)) {
                 variableDesc.registerAsUsed();
                 break;
             }
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Find the scope of variable.
      *
      * @param variableDef ast of type {@link TokenTypes#VARIABLE_DEF}
      * @return scope of variableDef
      */
     private static DetailAST findScopeOfVariable(DetailAST variableDef) {
         final DetailAST result;
         final DetailAST parentAst = variableDef.getParent();
         if (TokenUtil.isOfType(parentAst, TokenTypes.SLIST, TokenTypes.OBJBLOCK)) {
             result = parentAst;
         }
         else {
             result = parentAst.getParent();
         }
         return result;
     }
 
     /**
      * Checks whether the ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT} is
      * used as left-hand side value. An identifier is being used as a left-hand side
      * value if it is used as the left operand of an assignment or as an
      * operand of a stand-alone increment or decrement.
      *
      * @param identAst ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT}
      * @return true if identAst is used as a left-hand side value
      */
     private static boolean isLeftHandSideValue(DetailAST identAst) {
         final DetailAST parent = identAst.getParent();
         return isStandAloneIncrementOrDecrement(identAst)
                 || parent.getType() == TokenTypes.ASSIGN
                 && identAst != parent.getLastChild();
     }
 
     /**
      * Checks whether the ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT} is used as
      * an operand of a stand-alone increment or decrement.
      *
      * @param identAst ast of type {@link TokenTypes#IDENT}
      * @return true if identAst is used as an operand of stand-alone
      *         increment or decrement
      */
     private static boolean isStandAloneIncrementOrDecrement(DetailAST identAst) {
         final DetailAST parent = identAst.getParent();
         final DetailAST grandParent = parent.getParent();
         return TokenUtil.isOfType(parent, INCREMENT_AND_DECREMENT_TOKENS)
                 && TokenUtil.isOfType(grandParent, TokenTypes.EXPR)
                 && !isIncrementOrDecrementVariableUsed(grandParent);
     }
 
     /**
      * A variable with increment or decrement operator is considered used if it
      * is used as an argument or as an array index or for assigning value
      * to a variable.
      *
      * @param exprAst ast of type {@link TokenTypes#EXPR}
      * @return true if variable nested in exprAst is used
      */
     private static boolean isIncrementOrDecrementVariableUsed(DetailAST exprAst) {
         return TokenUtil.isOfType(exprAst.getParent(), INCREMENT_DECREMENT_VARIABLE_USAGE_TYPES)
                 && exprAst.getParent().getParent().getType() != TokenTypes.FOR_ITERATOR;
     }
 
     /**
      * Maintains information about the variable.
      */
     private static final class VariableDesc {
 
         /**
          * The name of the variable.
          */
         private final String name;
 
         /**
          * Ast of type {@link TokenTypes#TYPE}.
          */
         private final DetailAST typeAst;
 
         /**
          * The scope of variable is determined by the ast of type
          * {@link TokenTypes#SLIST} or {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_FOR}
          * or {@link TokenTypes#OBJBLOCK} which is enclosing the variable.
          */
         private final DetailAST scope;
 
         /**
          * Is an instance variable or a class variable.
          */
         private boolean instVarOrClassVar;
 
         /**
          * Is the variable used.
          */
         private boolean used;
 
         /**
          * Create a new VariableDesc instance.
          *
          * @param name name of the variable
          * @param typeAst ast of type {@link TokenTypes#TYPE}
          * @param scope ast of type {@link TokenTypes#SLIST} or
          *              {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_FOR} or {@link TokenTypes#OBJBLOCK}
          *              which is enclosing the variable
          */
         private VariableDesc(String name, DetailAST typeAst, DetailAST scope) {
             this.name = name;
             this.typeAst = typeAst;
             this.scope = scope;
         }
 
         /**
          * Create a new VariableDesc instance.
          *
          * @param name name of the variable
          */
         private VariableDesc(String name) {
             this(name, null, null);
         }
 
         /**
          * Create a new VariableDesc instance.
          *
          * @param name name of the variable
          * @param scope ast of type {@link TokenTypes#SLIST} or
          *              {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_FOR} or {@link TokenTypes#OBJBLOCK}
          *              which is enclosing the variable
          */
         private VariableDesc(String name, DetailAST scope) {
             this(name, null, scope);
         }
 
         /**
          * Get the name of variable.
          *
          * @return name of variable
          */
         public String getName() {
             return name;
         }
 
         /**
          * Get the associated ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#TYPE}.
          *
          * @return the associated ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#TYPE}
          */
         public DetailAST getTypeAst() {
             return typeAst;
         }
 
         /**
          * Get ast of type {@link TokenTypes#SLIST}
          * or {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_FOR} or {@link TokenTypes#OBJBLOCK}
          * which is enclosing the variable i.e. its scope.
          *
          * @return the scope associated with the variable
          */
         public DetailAST getScope() {
             return scope;
         }
 
         /**
          * Register the variable as used.
          */
         public void registerAsUsed() {
             used = true;
         }
 
         /**
          * Register the variable as an instance variable or
          * class variable.
          */
         public void registerAsInstOrClassVar() {
             instVarOrClassVar = true;
         }
 
         /**
          * Is the variable used or not.
          *
          * @return true if variable is used
          */
         public boolean isUsed() {
             return used;
         }
 
         /**
          * Is an instance variable or a class variable.
          *
          * @return true if is an instance variable or a class variable
          */
         public boolean isInstVarOrClassVar() {
             return instVarOrClassVar;
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Maintains information about the type declaration.
      * Any ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#CLASS_DEF} or {@link TokenTypes#INTERFACE_DEF}
      * or {@link TokenTypes#ENUM_DEF} or {@link TokenTypes#ANNOTATION_DEF}
      * or {@link TokenTypes#RECORD_DEF} is considered as a type declaration.
      */
     private static final class TypeDeclDesc {
 
         /**
          * Complete type declaration name with package name and outer type declaration name.
          */
         private final String qualifiedName;
 
         /**
          * Depth of nesting of type declaration.
          */
         private final int depth;
 
         /**
          * Type declaration ast node.
          */
         private final DetailAST typeDeclAst;
 
         /**
          * A stack of type declaration's instance and static variables.
          */
         private final Deque<VariableDesc> instanceAndClassVarStack;
 
         /**
          * Create a new TypeDeclDesc instance.
          *
          * @param qualifiedName qualified name
          * @param depth depth of nesting
          * @param typeDeclAst type declaration ast node
          */
         private TypeDeclDesc(String qualifiedName, int depth,
                 DetailAST typeDeclAst) {
             this.qualifiedName = qualifiedName;
             this.depth = depth;
             this.typeDeclAst = typeDeclAst;
             instanceAndClassVarStack = new ArrayDeque<>();
         }
 
         /**
          * Get the complete type declaration name i.e. type declaration name with package name
          * and outer type declaration name.
          *
          * @return qualified class name
          */
         public String getQualifiedName() {
             return qualifiedName;
         }
 
         /**
          * Get the depth of type declaration.
          *
          * @return the depth of nesting of type declaration
          */
         public int getDepth() {
             return depth;
         }
 
         /**
          * Get the type declaration ast node.
          *
          * @return ast node of the type declaration
          */
         public DetailAST getTypeDeclAst() {
             return typeDeclAst;
         }
 
         /**
          * Get the copy of variables in instanceAndClassVar stack with updated scope.
          *
          * @param literalNewAst ast node of type {@link TokenTypes#LITERAL_NEW}
          * @return copy of variables in instanceAndClassVar stack with updated scope.
          */
         public Deque<VariableDesc> getUpdatedCopyOfVarStack(DetailAST literalNewAst) {
             final DetailAST updatedScope = literalNewAst;
             final Deque<VariableDesc> instAndClassVarDeque = new ArrayDeque<>();
             instanceAndClassVarStack.forEach(instVar -> {
                 final VariableDesc variableDesc = new VariableDesc(instVar.getName(),
                         updatedScope);
                 variableDesc.registerAsInstOrClassVar();
                 instAndClassVarDeque.push(variableDesc);
             });
             return instAndClassVarDeque;
         }
 
         /**
          * Add an instance variable or class variable to the stack.
          *
          * @param variableDesc variable to be added
          */
         public void addInstOrClassVar(VariableDesc variableDesc) {
             instanceAndClassVarStack.push(variableDesc);
         }
     }
 }